Informatics Publishing Limited

P. Thamarai Selvi ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ¹, T. Kathiravan ¹, R. Rajesh ¹, J. Megala ¹, S. Sravani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Annai Veilankanni's Pharmacy College, Chennai-15, IN

Abstract

The antistress activity of aqueous extract of Centella asiatica. Linn leaves (Umbelliferae) were studied at doses of 100mg and 200mg/kg against tail suspension test. A dose dependent reduction in immobility time was observed in TST. Imipramine (30mg/kg, i.p) was selected as reference standard. The extract also significantly potentiate the Phenobarbitone induced sleeping time in mice. The findings from the present investigation indicates the extract has significant antistress as shown by its effects on different experimentally induced animal models.

Keywords

Centella asiatica, Antistress, Tail Suspension Test, Phenobarbitone Induced Sleeping Time.

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R. Kathiresh ¹, V. M. Ramprasath ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE (PG), Ranganathan Engineering College, Viraliyur Post, Coimbatore – 641109, IN

Abstract

An efficient Software/Hardware platform to execute more number of programs the internal circuitry flow is considered. The data can be of bits-number of times the bits arriving with different time intervals. In this paper we illustrate about the compressed test data from the embedded cores in a system on a chip varies significantly during the testing process. A novel scheme has been implemented for compressed system on a chip testing based on time-multiplexing for the channels. Some/more of the channels can be introduced which can enable the sharing the data channels, on which the compressed seeds are passed to every embedded core(individual cores). The channels can be fewer/larger based on the amount of testing channels available. The uses of modular and scalable hardware for on-chip test control and test data compression have been used. We define an algorithmic model for test data compression that is applicable to system-on-chip devices comprising intellectual property-protected blocks.

Keywords

System on a Chip (SoC), Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG), Automatic Test Equipment (ATE).

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M. Senthil Kumar ¹, P. Renuga ²

Affiliations
1 Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Loss minimization in power system is an important research issue. Transmission line losses in a power system can be minimized by means of reactive power compensation. The unscheduled increment of load variation in a power transmission system has driven the system to experience stressed condition leading to potential cascading trip on the entire system. This phenomenon has also led to voltage profile depreciation below the acceptable secure limit. The significance and use of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices and capacitor placement is in order to alleviate the voltage profile decay problem. Identification of the optimal value of compensating devices required proper optimization technique, able to search the optimal solution with less computation burden avoided. This paper presents a technique to provide simultaneous or individuals controls of basic system parameter like transmission voltage, impedance and phase angle, there by controlling the transmitted power using Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) approach based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. In this study optimization engine was developed for voltage profile improvement and minimization of losses in a power system which utilized the UPFC as the control variables embedded in to the system’s data. The IEEE 6-bus and IEEE 14-bus systems were used as test systems to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the proposed system. The proposed method is compared with Genetic Algorithms (GAs). The test result showed that the location of UPFC improves the voltage profile of the system and also minimize the transmission line losses.

Keywords

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), Real and Reactive Power, Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).

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G. Srinivasan ¹, A. M. Junaid Bashaa ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ², K. Anbudurai ³

Affiliations
1 Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment, Defence Research and Development Organization, Avadi, Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, IN
3 VELS University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

High-speed tracked vehicles traversing off-road terrains are subjected to ride vibrations of low frequency and large amplitude. This causes bodily discomfort to the operator and limits the mobility and performance of the vehicle. The damping of the terrain vibrations is achieved by a Hydro-Gas Suspension Unit (HGSU) with inbuilt damper and hydraulic actuator piston mechanism. The present studies have been carried out to develop a quarter-car dynamic model of passive and active suspensions for improving the HGSU characteristics using proportional integral derivative controller. Performance of the active suspension system has been compared with the passive suspension system through simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.

Keywords

Mathematical Model, Hydro Gas Suspension, Tracked Vehicles, Simulation, Proportional Integral Derivative Controller, Simulink.

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M. Pradeep ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ², S. Sathiskumar ³, S. Hakkim Raja ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of EEE, Vel Tech, Chennai - 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of EEE, Anna University Regional Centre, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of EEE, Rajalaksmi Institute of Technology, Chennai - 600124, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of EEE, RVS Padhmavathi College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai - 601202, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Solar power or fuel cell produces a very low output voltage (~20 v to 60 v), so we need to boost up voltage with high efficient converter. Method Analysis: Here an isolated converter is used in order to overcome back EMF problem from the load. Designing an Isolated DC low voltage to DC high voltage converter will be of great challenge because converter must handle high input current at the supply side and high output voltage at the loads side. For efficient way, we will be connecting the input parallel and connect the output in series. Findings: Based on this concept two inductors connected in parallel at the input side to share the input current and the capacitor are connected in series at output side to share output voltage in an interleaved manner. Thus the two boost converter cells are demagnetizing by repelling each other, therefore the transformer structure is simplified. By using interleaved operation ripple current will reduced, therefore capacitor and inductor size is reduced both at input and output side. Improvements: And features make on this interleaved isolated boost converter, then it desirable for high power low to high DC application, 40 V DC is boosted to 680 V DC is simulated using MATLAB.

Keywords

Boost Converter, Fuel Cell, MATLAB Simulink, Micro Inverter, Renewable Energy, Solar PV Cell

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P. Thamarai Selvi ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ¹, R. Rajesh ¹, T. Kathiravan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Annai Veilankanni’s Pharmacy College, Chennai-15, IN

Abstract

The antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica .Linn (Umbelliferae) were studied at doses of 100mg and 200mg/kg against forced swimming test in rodents. Imipramine (30mg/kg, i.p) was selected as reference standard and it showed significant antidepressant activity in rodents. A dose dependent reduction in immobility time was observed in FST. Whereas the extract significantly increases the exploratory behaviour in mice. The finding from the present investigation indicates that extract has significant antidepressant activity as shown by its effects on different experimentally induced different models.

Keywords

Centella asiatica, Antidepressant, Forced Swimming, Hole Board Test.

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M. Senthil Kumar ¹, G. V. R. L. Maccalay ¹

Affiliations
1 Electronics and Communication Engineering, Tirumala Engineering College, Hyderabad – 501301, Telangana, IN

Abstract

Objectives: AES(Advanced Encryption Standard) provides strong encrypted information and also it is easy to produce on a miniature die size and consume low power by reducing the number of gates and transistors in the S-box of AES. The main aim of project is to reduce the number of gates in AES S-box to achieve low area and low power. Methods/Analysis: The proposed technique uses the logical level reduction technique to achieve less number of gates by using Boolean logic. The target of the proposed technique is to design the compact multiplicative inverse unit by circuit and gate level implementation in order to achieve low area and low power utilization. The structure of multiplicative inverse unit is reduced by using logical simplification. The simulation is performed by Tanner tool version 14.11 for circuit level implementation based on static complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic. This tool also provides the information about number of transistors utilized and power consumption of both existing and proposed multiplicative inverse unit. Findings/Novelty: Several cryptographic techniques such as Data Encryption Standard (DES), AES(Advanced Encryption Standard), blowfish and RC4 are adopted based on various applications for specific purposes. Among various techniques, AES provides high security with low power and low area utilization. The conventional multiplicative inverse (MI) unit of AES has 50 gates to perform the multiplicative inverse (MI) operation. So it needs more area and power. To overcome this problem, Boolean logic is applied to perform the logical simplification of the proposed multiplicative inverse unit. From that, it reduces from 50 gates to 39 gates than the existing Mt unit. Totally, 11 gates are reduced in the proposed multiplicative inverse unit. Always the area is directly proportional to the power consumption. The power consumption of the proposed circuit is reduced from 45.7mw to 36.7mw.The proposed multiplicative inverse unit offers 22% area reduction and 19.6% power reduction than the existing MI unit. Applications/Improvement: In the proposed multiplicative inverse unit, only 4 XOR gates are used instead of 14 XOR gates to perform the operation and this in turn helps to achieve less area and low power. The proposed multiplicative inverse unit based AES is applied for low area and low power with high security applications.

Keywords

AES, Galois Field Arithmetic, Reduced MI Unit, S-Box, Static CMOS and Boolean Logic

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P. Thamarai Selvi ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ¹, T. Yaswanth ¹, E. Adiyaman ¹, P. T. Anusha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Annai Veilankanni’s Pharmacy College, Chennai-15, IN

Abstract

Aim of the study to investigate the effects of Acetone extract of Azadirachta indica on central nervous system and possibility to use it as folk medicine. The Acetone extract of Azadirachta indica was soxhlat extracted with Acetone and concentrated. The effect of Acetone extract on CNS was studied by using analgesic activity and sedative-hypnotic activity. Preliminary phytochemical evaluation of extract was also carried out. The extract (100mg and 200mg/kg, i.p) showed significant (p<0.001) potentiation of reaction time to thermal stimulus. It also showed significant (p<0.01). Potentiation o phenobarbitone induced sleeping time to control.

Keywords

Azadirachta indica, Analgesic Activity, Sedative-Hypnosis.

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M. Karthick ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore-49, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Continuous rise of energy demand and need for cleaner environment emphasizes efficient conversion of energy from renewable sources. Wind energy is the most viable sources of renewable energy and it is environmentally friendly alternative energy sources. Energy extraction from wind energy is rapidly competitive to power production from other sources like coal. In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to predict the aerodynamic efficiency of wind turbine blades. A blade's aerodynamic efficiency is expressed in terms of its lift-to-drag ratio. The design and analysis of blades is one of the critical areas of wind turbine design. In this paper, a review of aerodynamics of the two dimensional NACA 0015 airfoil for vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is attempted. The main focus of this investigation is to analyze the flow behavior around the airfoil body and to calculate the performance coefficients at velocity 10.5 m/s and angle of attack from 0° to 20°. Comparisons of the CFD results with numerical predictions from the XFOIL result and NACA report showed a good agreement.

Keywords

Aerodynamics, CFD, NACA 0015, VAWT, Wind Turbine.

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M. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore-641004, IN

Abstract

Conventional "tuned" vibration absorbers reduce the vibrations of machine tools at resonant conditions only. These vibration absorbers are ineffective during other operating conditions. In this paper, the emphasis is placed on providing the vibration absorber with active control capabilities in order to absorb the vibrations in all operating frequencies. The shape memory alloy (SMA), which has a unique behavior of changing its elastic modulus up to three times as the alloy undergoes a phase transformation from martensite to austenite. This unique behavior of the SMA is used to "tune" the vibration absorber actively according to the different operating frequencies of machine tool structure. The shape memory alloy is used as the variable-stiffness spring in vibration absorber. The stiffness of the spring, which is made by shape memory alloy, is tuned using shape memory effect, which is thermally induced or magnetically induced by a controller kit. According to the operating speed, the stiffness of the SMA spring is dynamically changed so that the natural frequency of vibration absorber is tuned to the forcing frequency (operating speed) of machine tools. A controller designed to act according to the level of vibration that the machine tool produces, varies the stiffness actively. ANSYS results are used to analyze the developed active vibration absorber system and it is concluded that the active vibration absorber suppresses the vibration of machine tool structure actively.

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R. Arul Prakash ¹, S. Harish ², R. Vijayanandh ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Aeronautical Engg., Kumaraguru College of Tech., Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Dept. of Aeronautical Engg., Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The present work examines the oxygen enrichment on diesel engine at the fuel side and air side. Oxygenation at the fuel side is done by blending the Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) additive with a maximum percentage of oxygen whereas that of air side is done by coupling a blower to the inlet manifold. The experiment was conducted with four different blends of oxygenated additives with diesel, and then the effects of supercharging in these blends were analyzed. The performance and emission characteristics of DMC blend with diesel fuel were examined and compared with the base engine characteristics. The results show that for 5% of DMC there is an increase in the thermal efficiency of the engine and decrease the CO emissions.

Keywords

Diesel Engine, Dimethyl Carbonate, Oxygenated Fuel, Oxygen Enrichment, Supercharging, Pollutant Emissions.

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M. Senthil Kumar ¹, P. R. Nagaraj ¹, Ampili ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Srmist, Kattankulathur, IN
2 Dept. of Physical Education, Annamalai University, IN

Abstract

The study aims to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercises on selected physiological variables among college long distance men athletes on systolic blood pressure and diastolic resting heart rate. Thirty (N=30) college men, long distance runners who is selected St. Joseph’s Prime Sports Academy Chennai Tamilnadu who have been participating in inter collegiate athletics meet was randomly selected as subjects. The age limit is from of old 18 to 25 years respectively Subjects. Subjects who selected were randomly II team groups each 15. Has been under taken as Group I with aerobic exercises acted as experimental group and Group II acted as the Control group.. The duration of the practice period was restricted to twelve weeks of aerobic practice. The pre-test on the chosen criterion variables was taken prior to the administration of the aerobic exercises and the post-test was taken at the end of the twelfth week. The data obtained from the groups prior to and immediately after the training on the chosen criterion variables were analyzed statistically using the t- test to determine whether the groups differ significantly among the pre and post test means. The confidence level was maintained at 0.05 in all the cases to evaluate the hypothesis. The training effects of aerobic practices evidenced significant influence over the physiological variables of college level long distance men athletes.

Keywords

Aerobic Exercises Physiological Variables, Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Resting Heart Rate.

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M. Senthil Kumar ¹, T. Vinoy Vincent ²

Affiliations
1 1Assistant Professor, Department Of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Srmist, Kattankulathur, IN
2 M.Phil Scholar, Department Of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Srmist, Kattankulathur, IN

Abstract

Context: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship among somato type characteristics and physical training of young male and female Badminton players. A total of 30 players (15 males and 15 females), who represented Kerala in national level competitions, were evaluated with the sex as a factor. Different body measurements were recorded following the guidelines proposed by the ISAK such as body mass, height, skinfold thicknesses at different sites (biceps, triceps, subscapular, supraspinale and medial calf), girths (arm relaxed, thigh, and calf) and breadths (biepicondylarhumerus and femur). In addition to anthropometrical analysis, body composition and somato type of the participants had been assessed. A t- test for independent samples was performed to examine the statistical differences between sex groups and a Pearson’s coefficient was applied to evaluate the correlation between variables. An endomorph-ectomorph somatotype characteristics was observed for the entire group. Analysis, taking into account the sex factor, revealed an endomorph-mesomorph somatotype for the males and an endomorph-ectomorph somatotype for the females. Data corresponding to body composition contrasted by sex showed higher body fat percentage for the female group than the males. Within the tested age interval range, body fat content in female players was higher than the male counterparts. Although these differences might be the consequence of a normal growth, it was advisable to integrate educational and nutritional strategies in order to maintain an optimum body fat content. Training procedure must be considered to improve the body type for the specific sports event.

Keywords

Somato Type, Badminton, Body Mass, Height, Skinfold Thickness.

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R. Venkateswara Rao ¹, M. Senthil Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Vignana Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana- 501301, IN
2 School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai- 600127, IN

Abstract

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state technique used to join aluminum alloys effectively compared with other conventional welding methods. AA6061/AA2014 Al-alloys in dissimilar combination were processed for welding because they have significant demand in various engineering applications. The process parameters chosen for welding are tool rotational speed (710 to 1120 rpm), weld speed (20 to 40 mm/min) and pin profile (Triangular, Square and Pentagon) were arranged in L9 orthogonal array. The weld joint properties such as hardness and tensile strength were tested as per ASTM standard. The microstructure of weld profile was studied with optical, scanning electron microscopy. The welds processed at 900-20-S were exhibits higher properties such as UTS, YS and hardness as 191, 170 MPa, 110 HV respectively.

Keywords

Friction Stir Welding, AA6061/AA2014Al-alloys, Weld Parameters, Weld Properties.

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M. Senthil Kumar ¹, P. Rajakumar ¹, V. Andiappan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sona College of Technology, IN
2 TANTRANSCO, Salem,, IN

Abstract

Increased power demand and constrained power resources have made assessment of voltage stability in power system networks necessary in these days to predict voltage instability in order to ensure safe and secure operation of power systems. Also, due to numerous factors the existing power system networks are forced to operate at its peak limit. Therefore, it is essential to assess the maximum voltage stability prior to occurrence of voltage collapse. This will be used as preliminary information by the operator to avoid complete interruption of power system. In this paper, numerous Voltage Stability Indices (VSI) are presented to assess the voltage stability of a Radial Distribution Network (RDN). VSIs are computed from the load flow solution data. The determined VSI also points out the most vulnerable lines or buses those are likely to get voltage collapse. Different VSIs are evaluated for IEEE 15, 33, 69 and 85 bus RDN with nominal and peak power demand. The obtained results have highlighted the importance of voltage stability prediction in RDN for initiating necessary action to avoid voltage collapse from being arising.

Keywords

Voltage Stability, Voltage Collapse, Voltage Stability Indices, Radial Distribution Network.

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M. SENTHIL KUMAR ¹, S. JAYAKUMAR ¹, DHURAIRAJ SATHEESH ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Presidency College, Chennai – 600 005, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Loganatha Narayanasamy Government College (Autonomous), Ponneri – 601204, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Panchagavya is an organic formulation, formed by merging five cow derivatives, such as dung, urine, milk, ghee, and curd, which promotes the growth of plants. The present investigation was aimed to determine the larvicidal efficacy of Panchagavya with varied concentrations against major pests of teak, Tectona grandis, singly, and combined with leaf extract of members of Meliaceae family, and coupled with extract of seaweed, in experimental research plots. Observations on occurrence of pests was also observed periodically and recorded. Treatments include 5% concentration of panchagavya (T1), which serves as a control and Panchagavya combined with varied dosage of other leaf crude extracts of Melia dubia (T2), Melia azedarach (T3), Azadirachta indica (T4), and a seaweed, Sargassum wightii (T5), with a concentration range of 1000-5000 ppm that were used as foliar application. Among the various pests, Hyblaea puera, and Eutectona machaeralis were found to be dominant, and the III instar larval stage were targeted for the management. Maximum larval mortality was observed with exposure to Panchagavya with crude extract of S. wightii, at an appropriate ratio (T5) against teak defoliator, Hyblaea puera. The per cent pest reduction was found to be 65% and 73% in 48 h and 72 h time interval. Similarly, higher level of larval mortality was recorded against skeletonizer (E. machaeralis) where the reduction per cent was recorded as 62% and 71% at 5000 ppm in (T5) within the interval of 48 h and 72 h. Consequently, a distinct individual lethal effect of Panchagavya (T1, control) against both pests was found to be 8%, 24%, and 46% with similar time frames. However, the efficacy of Panchagavya combined with extract of M. dubia, M. azedarach and A. indica exhibited statistically significant ability in larvicidal potential against H. puera. Whereas, treatments like T2, T3, and T4 showed 59, 67, and 62 % of larval mortality of E. machaeralis larva within the period of 72 h. The results of the study affirmed that the synergistic effects of Panchagavya coupled with seaweed extract at appropriate ratio proved to be effective against major pests of teak plantation.

Keywords

Eutectona machaeralis, Hyblaea puera, larvicidal activity, Tectona grandis

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